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Přihlášení
2/2016
Renaturalization process and dynamics in abandoned fields. The study case of an abandoned olive field in the Bari suburban area (South Italy)
Rocco Carella
Abstract
The study describes the dynamics of spontaneous vegetation in an abandoned olive field in the Bari hinterland. Numerous forest species are colonizing the site and a dense herbaceous layer occurs in the field, where can be observed as well species of floristic interest. Anthropogenic impacts threat this important process, fundamental in a territory with a great lack of natural and semi-natural coenoses.
Key words: renaturalization, olive fields, maquis, disturbance, suburban area
original research paper
Alpine plant communities responses to simulated mechanical disturbances of tourism, case study from the High Sudetes Mts.
Barbora Hertlová, Ondřej Popelka, Miroslav Zeidler, Marek Banaš
Abstract
Alpine vegetation communities in the Sudeten Mts. in the Czech Republic were chosen to research the impact of trampling and sod removal on original vegetation. The effect of three intensities of trampling and sod removal on mountain plant communities was observed for four years. After this period the experiment was ceased and recovery monitored. There was the regeneration of alpine grasslands 4 years after the end of intervention. Conversely, the biggest impact of interventions has been noted on communities of alpine heathland. There was significant reduction in the cover of Calluna vulgaris on the experimental plots, and its recovery was low. Some plots even directed to the development of new communities in their compositions mainly dominated by grasses. It is necessary to choose a different management of individual activities to protect each particular type of communities.
Key words: mountain ecosystems, human impact, trampling, sod vegetation, subalpine vegetation
original research paper
The inquiry of recreation quality in the area of Počúvadlo Lake in Štiavnické vrchy mountains through a visitors satisfaction
Matúš Jakubis
Abstract
In the report deals with inquiry of recreation quality in the area of Počúvadlo Lake near historical town Banská Štiavnica in Protected Landscape Area Štiavnické vrchy mountains (Central Slovakia) during sommer recreation through a visitors satisfaction. The inquiry was conducted through questionnaire survey with twenty questions. The survey was realized from 1 July 2015 to 31 August 2015. 117 of respondents participated in the survey. Survey questions were focused on respondents satisfaction with recreation opportunities, services and environment on the Počúvadlo Lake and nearby. The results of a questionnaire survey may serve to improve the recreation conditions in this rare area during various leisure activities.
Key words: historical mining ponds, leisure activities, questionnaire survey
original research paper
Tourist bike trails accessing the water management system in Banská Štiavnica region of Slovakia
Vladimír Juško, Stanislav Azor, Katarína Ivancová
Abstract
Region of Banská Štiavnica, a territory belonging to the Protected Landscape Area Štiavnické vrchy, is particularly attractive from the view of tourism development. It provides many opportunities for hiking and cycling too. Attractiveness of this region is raised by the famously rich mining history, which is related to the unique water management system consisting of connected water reservoirs commonly known as 'tajchs'The aim of this paper was to promote water management system to a wider public by design of bike trails that Access these water reservoirs. The tool was the use of transport accessing of a given territory and in particular less significant and frequent roads such as public roads of local importance, forest and agricultural roads or hiking and walking paths. It has been designed system of three bike trails with a total length of 56.9 km, which will display an existing system of bike trails. Technical parameters of individual trails were specified. The proposal includes a design of educational content of information boards and a design for their deployment. Part of the draft is also a design of informational boards propagating these bike trails containing their technical parameters, calculation of costs, educational content as well as their placement proposal.
Key words: tourism, bike trails, water management system
original research paper
Quantification of the Local Expenditures of Forests of Pisek City Ltd.
David Březina, Petra Hlaváčková, Jitka Fialová, Jiří Kadlec
Abstract
This article deals with partial results of the project “Quantification of the Effect of the Selected Forest Enterprise on the Local Economy of the Region” of the “Internal Grant Agency” (IGA) of Mendel University in Brno 2016 which is solved by the Department of Forest and Wood Products Economics and Policy and the Department of Landscape Management. The article concentrates on quantification of the local expenditures necessary for the calculation of the local multiplier score. The economic indicators to be analysed were the local expenditures of Forests of Pisek City Ltd. on suppliers and employees in 2015. The local multiplier is a specific microeconomic indicator which enables quantification and evaluation of the socioeconomic benefits of the selected operator to the local people and entrepreneurs. The results of the project will allow for the evaluation of the effect of the special-purpose forest enterprise and forest management on the economic and social development as well as for investigation of the potential cash flows related to fulfilment of the socio-economic functions of the forest ecosystems in the interest area of Forests of Pisek City Ltd.
Key words: economics, forest enterprise, local multiplier, local expenditure, management
original research paper
The biodiversity change in the Czech Republic, driving forces and associated welfare impacts
Jan Melichar, Kateřina Kaprová, Milan Ščasný
Abstract
The study aims at integral evaluation of biodiversity change in the Czech Republic in the period of transition (years 1990-2006). The analysis is composed of several steps. Using CORINE Land Cover data and the concept of Mean Species Abundance index, we link the assessment of land cover changes to predicted biodiversity levels. Further, the development of regionally differentiated MSA indicator is analysed using the index decomposition analysis method, distinguishing three driving factors of biodiversity change – MSA intensity, composition effect and scale effect. The results show that the most important factor of the MSA increase in the analysed period 1990-2006 is the scale effect; on the other hand, the composition of the regional economies does not play a crucial role for the biodiversity.
The last part of the article estimates how the MSA changes in the analysed period are related to welfare of society that is associated with provisioning, regulating and cultural services of the ecosystems. We find that key aspect contributing to the total social welfare associated with the land cover changes in the Czech Republic in the analysed period are the regulating services of the ecosystems.
Key words: biodiversity, Divisia index, land cover, welfare decomposition analysis
original research paper
The tourism possibilities satisfaction of chosen localities in Bratislava city
Katarina Pavlickova, Viera Novanska
Abstract
Our contribution represents the continue of previous survey done in 2014 year in Bratislava city (Pavlickova, Novanska Chrenscova, 2015), this time aimed on 2 new localities „Kamzik – Koliba“ locality and „Kralova hora“ locality. Even though chosen localities are situated in the Landscape Protected Area Small Carpathians, they might be considered as areas for the urban recreation as they are an internal parts of the Bratislava city. As the attention was paid on the satisfaction of visitors with possibilities of tourism and the quality of provided tourism services, so the simple method of questionnaire was chosen and realized in 2015 year. The contribution shows the evaluation results of 200 visitors, who visit those sides within their daily recreation.
Key words: urban recreation, questionniare, Kamzik, Kralova Hora
original research paper
Agroforestry and cultural landscapes
Henri Vanhanen, Marja Uusitalo, Rainer Peltola
Abstract
Agroforestry was one of the major practices that affected the landscape in Finland until 1950´s. Wood pasture and reindeer herding were the prominent types of agroforestry. From 1950´s the areal coverage wood pastures has declined steeply 90-99% of its former coverage. Only reindeer herding is still widely practiced in northern parts of Finland.
Though the decline has been drastic in last century, new forms of agroforestry have been adopted and also innovations have been made. Though readily available, berries and mushrooms have been in the focus when introducing new agroforestry practices to Finnish forestry. Berries and mushrooms are Finland’s most important, NWFPs. They are collected from the wild by professional pickers as well as for recreation. The yearly value of forest berries can vary from 4 to 25 million € and in mushrooms from 300 000 to 4 million €. Berry- and mushrooms harvests vary greatly between years, depending on weather patterns affecting the flowering, pollinators as well as berry and fruiting body formation. As these NWFP´s are the most important ones both Natural Resources Institute Finland – Lukehas been developing agroforestry measures for stable and constant production of wild forest berries and mushrooms.
Key words: agroforestry, berries, lingonberry, bilberry, mushrooms, Inonotus obliquus, Vaccinium myrtillus, Pakuri, cultural landscapes
original research paper
The territorial organization of tourism the Canadian Northern Territories
Elena Egorovna Totonova
Abstract
Inthepresent paper, he Canadian North (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut) is defined as a territorial economic unit functioning under extreme natural and biomedical conditions. At the same time, internally, the Canadian North is not homogenous. Tourism development in the North is one of the tools of the new exploration of the Canadian Northern Territories, which is impossible without a regulatory impact, both from the national and local governments. The spatial differences of the Canadian Northern Territories in the latitudinal and meridional directions have determined specific tourist zones and areas, and especially, the peculiarities of their exploration and development. The tourist areas of the Canadian Northern Territories differ not only in the level of socio-economic development, but also in terms of development of tourism. Tourism development in the North depends on the general development of the territory, affecting the development of infrastructure, as well as the government regulation. It was revealed that when developing the tourist market of northern territories, there appears a new model of this sector’s functioning, which combines effective market mechanisms while maintaining a traditional nature management as a component of specific entrepreneurial resources of the North (cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, indigenous communities, and others.).
Key words: North, Canadian Northern Territories, tourism, tourist zones, spatial development, marketing
original research paper
Responsibilities arising from the general use of forest roads and fulfillment of the preventive obligation by checking their condition in the Czech Republic
Pavlína Procházková, Petr Hrůza
Abstract
The forest is nowadays a very attractive environment, popular for recreation of various groups of visitors. Above all, inhabitants of larger settlements use forests for their daily short-term recreation and for diverse activities. General use of the forest and its road network provides the general public with the opportunity to collect berries for their own use, take away brushes lying on the ground, recreate and do sports, within the law. Spending leisure in the forest brings some security risks. From the perspective of the owners, lessees and managers, it means responsibility for potential visitors' injuries and health or property damage resulting from their dereliction of duty to take care of the forest so that damage or injuries are avoided. This obligation is known as preventive. In the legal order of the Czech Republic, this issue is addressed in more sources and it is very difficult to gain proper orientation in the issue. This paper deals with the current situation in this field.
Key words: forest road, responsibility, recreation
original research paper
Landscape management in Yakutia: sacred sites and tourism
Marianna Samsonova, Liudmila Zamorshchikova, Kiunnei Pestereva, Anna Ikonnikova
Abstract
This paper’s focus is to investigate the peculiarities of place sacralisation in case of Yakutia: for example by being associated with particular myths, legends, narrative memory, archeological findings. Also the sacred places are considered as contribution to the promotion of local culture heritage and tourism development.
The traditional belief’s signs, rituals, mythology, legends, historical toponyms as well as human representations of the space create symbol and particular text of culture that makes up the sacred landscape of the region. Some aspect linked with the landscape sacralisation and its management sacred landscape’s transformation was caused by the changesin society. For example, the growth of ethnic identity, language policy and culture protection and promotion, the development of tourism led to a creation of sacred places and to management of sacred landscape.
There are various factors and criteria for sacralisation of landscape; for example by being associated with particular myths, legends, narrative memory, archeological findings. The sacred places are considered as investment to preserve the local culture and heritage in a globalizing world and to promote the tourism development
The research project “Landscape Ontology: Semantics, Semiotics, and Geographic Modelling” (№ 15-18-20047) funded by the Russian Science Foundation.
Key words: landscape sacralisation, sacred places, landscape management, tourism promotion
original research paper
Probability calculation of erosion formation
Hana Uhmanová
Abstract
Banks of reservoirs are not liable to erosion to the same extent. A basic prerequisite is concurrence of three factors – the bank has to be formed from erodible material (loess, soil, etc.), it needs to have a slope over 5 – 7°, and has to be affected by waves. The waves can be caused by e.g. vessels, but in Czech reservoirs the biggest problems are caused by the wind – its start-up distance on the water surface is 100 m and longer, sometimes even many times longer. Bank erosion will occur when these three prerequisites occur at the same time. Other factors affecting the development of erosion are e.g. climatic factors – wind, freeze-thaw weathering, rain, etc. The presented paper deals with the origination of bank erosion that is caused by the wind.
To determine the possibility and the potential size of bank damage caused by waves under the above mentioned conditions, we can use mathematical expression.
Key words: reservoir, bank stabilization, erosion, dam, water, abrasion
original research paper
Proposal for guiding public movement in a forest ecosystem – forest district Vranov
Zdeněk Patočka, Lenka Gernešová, Kateřina Ošlejšková, Jiří Nedorost, Tomáš Mikita
Abstract
The aim of this work is to propose a way to guide movement of the public in a forest ecosystem with focus on the forest road network. The core of the work is the creation of a thematic map using the tools of and modelling with ArcGIS. This thematic map will show the possible movement of visitors with respect to the current attractive locations dependent on their accessibility; at the same time, it will exclude the locations the visitors should avoid. Among other purposes, this map should serve the management of the Training Forest Enterprise Křtiny when making decisions regarding the forest management and creation of new points of interest for a given type of visitors. The territory investigated is Training Forest Enterprise Masaryk Forest Křtiny, specifically forest district Vranov, which occupies an area of 3345 ha.
Key words: recreation, points of interest, pedestrians, multi-criteria analysis
original research paper
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